TY - JOUR TI - Mortality in female and male French Olympians: a 1948-2013 cohort study AU - Antero-Jacquemin, Juliana AU - Rey, Grégoire AU - Marc, Andy AU - Dor, Frédéric AU - Haïda, Amal AU - Marck, Adrien AU - Berthelot, Geoffroy AU - Calmat, Alain AU - Latouche, Aurélien AU - Toussaint, Jean-François T2 - The American Journal of Sports Medicine AB - BACKGROUND: Whereas intense physical activity has been associated with deleterious effects on elite athletes' health, in particular due to cardiovascular anomalies, long-term follow-ups have suggested lower mortality rates among elite athletes. Causes of death for French Olympic athletes and female elite athletes have not been studied. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: We aimed to measure overall and disease-specific mortality of French female and male Olympians compared with the French general population. We hypothesize that Olympians, both women and men, have lower mortality rates. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS: French elite athletes (601 women and 1802 men) participating in summer or winter Olympic Games from 1948 to 2010 had their vital status verified by national sources and were followed until 2013. Causes of death were obtained via the National Death registry from 1968 to 2012. Overall and disease-specific mortalities of Olympians were compared with those of the French general population through standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% CIs. Olympians' observed and expected survivals were illustrated by Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS: At the endpoint of the study, 13 women and 222 men had died. Overall mortality in Olympians compared with that of their compatriots was 51% lower (SMR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.26-0.85) among women and 49% lower (SMR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.45-0.59) among men. Olympic athletes' survival is significantly superior to that of the French general population (women, P = .03; men, P < .001). According to the total deaths occurring from 1968 to 2012 (12 among women, 202 among men), female Olympians died from neoplasm (50.0%), external causes (33.3%), and cardiovascular diseases (16.6%). The main causes of death among men were related to neoplasms (36.1%), cardiovascular diseases (24.3%), and external causes (14.4%). Regarding the main causes of mortality among male Olympic athletes, the SMRs were as follows: 0.55 for neoplasms (95% CI, 0.43-0.69), 0.55 for cardiovascular diseases (95% CI, 0.41-0.73), and 0.66 for external causes (95% CI, 0.44-0.94). CONCLUSION: French Olympians live longer than their compatriots: A lower overall mortality of similar magnitude is observed among male and female athletes compared with the general population. The main causes of death in French Olympians are neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, and external causes. DA - 2015/06// PY - 2015 DO - 10.1177/0363546515574691 DP - PubMed VL - 43 IS - 6 SP - 1505 EP - 1512 J2 - Am J Sports Med LA - eng SN - 1552-3365 ST - Mortality in female and male French Olympians KW - Adult KW - Age Distribution KW - Aged KW - Aged, 80 and over KW - Athletes KW - Cardiovascular Diseases KW - Female KW - France KW - Humans KW - Kaplan-Meier Estimate KW - Longevity KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Neoplasms KW - Registries KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Sports KW - disease-specific mortality KW - elite athletes KW - overall mortality ER -